MLA+7

MLA7 Coupons: 3 per page











Updated Formatting and Parenthetical Citations Guide (color on one side) - I had previously titled this one Citing Your Work.



FINAL VERSIONS of MLA 7 Works Cited FORMS - as of 9-16-09:



The above file is an updated version of the handout I print out in color with guidelines for formatting the Works Cited page on one side and information on parenthetical citations on the other. I brought it to one of the meetings last year and said that I would share. Diana

The above file is the yellow handout that I use that includes fewer citation examples but does include more instructions as well as the examples. It has been updated for MLA 7. I haven't pasted it onto this page only because I'm not as clever as Traci.





** FJUHSD Standard Works Cited Format ** rev. 08/26/2009 The examples in this list are based on the 7th. ed. of the __MLA Handbook__. Due to the number of possible variations, please refer to the handbook for a more exhaustive list of examples. __MLA-Handbook for Writers of Research Papers__ 7th. ed. REF 808.2 Gib (Available on the Ready Reference shelf). NOTE: //If you cannot find some of the information required, cite what is available.// ** BOOK BY ONE AUTHOR **
 * // BOOKS – CITATION SAMPLES //**

MacCaulay, David//. The Way Things Work//. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 2009. Print. Thomas, Frank, and Tom Johnston. //Disney Animation: The Illusion of Life**.**// New York: Abbeville Press, 2002. Print.
 * Double-space within and between entries ||
 * BOOK BY MORE THAN ONE AUTHOR **

** BOOK WITH NO AUTHOR NAMED ** // A Guide to Our Federal Lands //. Washington: National Geographic Society, 2004. Print. ** BOOK WITH AN EDITOR ** Wolfe, Thomas. //The Thomas Wolfe Reader//. Ed. Hugh Holman. New York: Scribners, 1999. Print. Wright, Louis B. The Cultural Life of the American Colonies. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1957. Print. The New American Nation 5. Dimock, George E., Jr. "The Name of Odysseus." //Essays on the Odyssey//. Ed. Charles Taylor. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1999. 54-72. Print. Thomas, Frank, and Ollie Johnston. //Disney Animation: The Illusion Life//. New York: Abbeville Press, 2009. Digital File.
 * ** 2 Authors ** : Child, Julia, and Martha Stewart.
 * 3 Authors ** : Child, Julia, Martha Stewart and Jacques Pepin.
 * 4 Authors: ** Child, Julia, et al. ||
 * BOOK IN A SERIES **
 * WORK WITHIN AN ANTHOLOGY **
 * ELECTRONIC BOOK **

The University of California Fullerton Science Department, Greenpeace, and the Center for Disease Control can all author a work. || // ENCYCLOPEDIA ARTICLES – CITATION SAMPLES // (The author's name, if given, should be either at the beginning or the end of the //__article.__//__)__ Drake, Frank D. "Black Hole." //World Book Encyclopedia//. 2009 ed. 53-55. Print. ** ENCYCLOPEDIA ARTICLE WITH NO AUTHOR GIVEN ** "Magnetism." __Encyclopedia__ __ Americana __. 1999 ed. 20. Print. ** ARTICLE FROM A SPECIALIZED ENCYCLOPEDIA ** Cavendish, Richard. “Druids.” //Man, Myth & Magic: the Illustrated Encyclopedia of// // Mythology, Religion and the Unknown //. New York: Marshall Cavendish, 1995. 123-127. Print. “de Kooning, Willem.” //Encyclopedia Britannica Online//. Britannica Encyclopedia, 2008. Web. 15 May 2008 . // ONLINE //// SUBSCRIPTION // // DATABASES // "Michelle Obama." //American Government// 2009. //ABC-CLIO//. Web. 26 Aug. 2009. Amerman, Don. “Sosa, Sammy.” //Notable Sports Figures// 2004. //Gale Virtual Reference Library//. Web. 26 Aug. 2009. Marek, Angie C. “The Last Viking.” // U.S. //// News and World Report // 23 Feb. 2004. //eLibrary//. Web. 10 Oct. 2009. “Bill Gates.” //UXL Biographies// 1999. Gale // Student // // Resource // // Center //. Web. 13 Sept. 2009. Thomas, Jim. “Microbe Mining.” //Ecologist// June 2009. //GreenFILE//. Web. 26 Aug. 2009. Kevin Trudgeon. "Dealers still looking for cash from clunkers." // Redlands //// Daily Facts // 25 Aug. 2009. ProQuest. Web. 26 Aug. 2009. Jeff Katz. "Adoption's Numbers Mystery." // Washington //// Post // Nov 8, 2008. //SIRS Researcher.// Web. 26 August, 2009. // MAGAZINE AND NEWSPAPER ARTICLES – CITATION EXAMPLES // Diamond, Jared. "The Worst Mistake in Human History." //Discover// Feb. 1987: 64-67. Print. MacManus, Yvonne. "Interstellar Clouds." //Science News// 5 June 1980: 5-10. Print.
 * NOTE: A corporation or group can also be listed as an author. For example:
 * ENCYCLOPEDIA ARTICLE WITH AN AUTHOR GIVEN **
 * ELECTRONIC ENCYCLOPEDIA **
 * ABC-CLIO **
 * eBOOK **
 * eLIBRARY **** Magazine Database **
 * Gale ** ** Student ** ** Resource ** ** Center **
 * GreenFILE **
 * Proquest **
 * SIRS Researcher **
 * PRINT MAGAZINE, MONTHLY **
 * PRINT MAGAZINE, WEEKLY/BIWEEKLY **

** ONLINE MAGAZINE ** (not accessed through an online database) Smith, Jane. “Who Really Invented the Internet?” //Web Weekl// 26 Feb. 2001. Web. 4 May 2001 . "Campus Control of Crystal Growth in Space." //Science News// 16 Mar. 1996: 165. Print. Greeley, Andrew. "Today's Morality Play: The Sitcom." // Los Angeles //// Times // 17 May 2006: Dl 2-13+. // PUBLIC INTERNET WEBSITES – CITATION EXAMPLES // Dawe, James. “Family Life.” //Jane Austen Page//. Web. 15 Sept. 2009 .
 * ** May, June and July should be spelled out – the rest of the months are abbreviated. ** ||
 * MAGAZINE NO AUTHOR GIVEN **
 * NEWSPAPER ARTICLE ** (follows same basic format as a magazine)
 * INTERNET ARTICLE **** WITH **** AUTHOR GIVEN **

** INTERNET **** ARTICLE **** WITH NO AUTHOR GIVEN ** “Sylvester Stallone.” //Biography.com//. Web. 21 Mar. 2008 . // Watergate //. 5 Oct. 2008 . //OTHER FORMATS –// // CITATION EXAMPLES// // Cite as you would any other Web page, but make sure you're crediting the original creator of the image/sound/video clip // // (“brandychloe” is a user name in the example from Webshots.com, an online photo-sharing site.) // brandychloe. “Great Horned Owl Family.” Webshots.com. 18 July 2009. Web. 9 Aug. 2009 . Star, Blair. “Back To School Outfit, Hair, and Drugstore Makeup Tutorial!” //YouTube//. 20 Aug. 2009. Web. 21 Aug. 2009 . // Begin with a description of the photo. Do not use underlining or quotation marks. Indicate who took the photo and the date it was taken. //  Grandpa Al at Home. 28 May 2009. Personal photograph by Susan Student. Meredith, Paige. “Museums in Paris.” Message to James Smith. 5 May 2008. E-mail. Valenza, Joyce Kasman. “Gotta Love Those Book Widgets for Face-Out Shelving.” NeverEndingSearch. School Library Journal, 6 Aug. 2009. Web. 21 Aug. 2009 . Frankin, Ann. Personal interview. 3 Sept. 2008. Gordimer, Nadine. Interview. //New York Times//. 10 Oct.2009:C25. Print. ** ADVERTISEMENT ** Toyota. Advertisement. //Time// 28 Feb. 2009: 49. Print. ** FILM or VIDEOTAPE ** // Twilight Saga: New Moon. // Dir. Chris Weitz. Perf. Kristen Stewart, Robert Pattinson, Taylor Lautner. Warner Brother., 2009. DVD. ** WIKI ** Hacker, Diana. “MLA Bibliographic-A Breif Guide.” //Wikispaces//. 2009. Web. 26 Aug. 2009 . Fitzsimmons, David. “Great Recession.” Cartoon. //Daryl Cagle’s Political Cartoon Index//. 20 Aug. 2009. Web. 22 Aug 2009 [|http://cagle.com].
 * ** Click on “Backspace” or “Delete” once to remove any hyperlinks immediately after they appear. ** ||
 * INTERNET **** WEBSITE **
 * ONLINE **** IMAGE / SOUND / VIDEO CLIP **
 * PERSONAL PHOTOGRAPH **
 * EMAIL **
 * BLOG ENTRY **
 * INTERVIEW **
 * ONLINE CARTOON **



Alphabetical order _ __ Name ___ **Book Works Cited**

AUTHOR (last name, first name, middle initial.) _ (period). // TITLE // (italicized) ___(period).__ CITY of Publication ___(colon):__ __ PUBLISHER ___ __(comma), YEAR__ ___(period).__ __ MEDIUM __(EX: Print, Digital file, Audio file) (period). ** EXAMPLE: ** Krashen, Stephen. //The Power of// // Reading //. Westport: Libraries Unlimited, 2004. Print. **Encyclopedia/Anthology Works Cited** AUTHOR //if available// (last name, first name middle initial. __ ) __(period). (The author's name, if given, should be found at either the beginning or the end of the //__article__//__)__
 * ANONYMOUS BOOK: ** // American Heritage Guide to Contemporary Usage and Style // . Boston: Houghton, 2005. Print.
 * BOOK BY MORE THAN ONE AUTHOR: ** Thomas, Frank, and Ollie Johnston//. Disney Animation: The Illusion of Life**.**// New York: Abbeville Press, 2009. Digital file.
 * BOOK WITH AN EDITOR ** : Wolfe, Thomas. //The Thomas Wolfe Reader//. Ed. Hugh Holman. New York: Scribners, 1962. Audio file.

ARTICLE TITLE (“quotation marks”) __(period).__ // TITLE OF ENCYCLOPEDIA //__ (italicized) ____(period).__ THE EDITOR //if available// (Ed. first name middle initial. last name) Ed. __(period).__ CITY OF PUBLICATION(period). __ PAGE NUMBER(S) __. MEDIUM __(EX: Print, Digital file, Audio file) (period).__ ** Note ** for a general encyclopedia you may substitute the edition for the publication information: ABC-Clio, 2002. Digital file.
 * Example of general encyclopedia: ** Barnes, Isaac J. “Camels.” //The World Book Encyclopedia//. 2008 ed. 50 -55. Print.
 * Example of specialized encyclopedia: ** Cashman, Richard. “Cricket.” //Encyclopedia of World Sports//. Ed. David Levinson and Karen Christensen. Santa Barbara

__ Alphabetical order ___ **Internet Web Site Works Cited**

AUTHOR //if available// (last name, first name middle initial (period). // TITLE OF WEB SITE //__ (italicized) _____(period).__ __ MEDIUM __Web __(period).__ _ _ (no period) DATE OF ACCESS: (day month (abbreviated-period.) year) _ _ (no period) day month year Truncated URL () _ (period).  ** Examples: ** “Michael Jackson Biography.” //Biography.com//. Web. 26 Sept. 2009 .

Alphabetical order _ **Online Database BIBLIOGRAPHY (works cited)** _ (period). (period). // ORIGINAL SOURCE OF ARTICLE //__ (italicized) _____(**no** period)__ _ _ _ (period). DATE OF PUBLICATION of original source (day month (abbreviated-period.) year) _ _ _ (period). day month year // NAME //// OF THE DATABASE USED // (italicized)_(period). MEDIUM __Web__ (period). DATE OF ACCESS (day month (abbreviated-period.) year) _ _ __(period).__ day month year

__ Alphabetical Order __ **Digital Images Works Cited**
 * Example: ** Buckley Jr., William F. “Colin Powell Says It Almost Right.” //National Review// 28 Aug. 2007. //eLibrary//. Web. 13 Sept. 2008.
 * Example: ** Buckley Jr., William F. “Colin Powell Says It Almost Right.” //National Review// 28 Aug. 2007. //eLibrary//. Web. 13 Sept. 2008.

PHOTOGRAPHER OR ARTIST //if available// (last name, first name middle initial) ___(period).__ __ IMAGE TITLE //if available// (“quotation marks”) ____­__(period). // TITLE OF WEB SITE // (//italicized//)___(period).__ _ _ (period). DATE OF CREATION: (day month (abbreviated-period.) year) _ _ (period). day month year (period). day month year

__ TRUNCATED URL if applicable () __(period). ** Example: ** brandychloe. “Great Horned Owl Family.” Webshots.com. 18 Jul. 2009. Web. 9 Aug. 2009 . Note: “brandychloe” is a username on a photo sharing web site. Alphabetical Order **Video/Audio File Works Cited** __ ARTIST (composer or performer) //if available// (last name, first name middle initial) ____(period).__

__­__(period). TITLE //if available// (“quotation marks”) __­__(period). (period). day month year __ MEDIUM ____(EX: CD, Digital file ) (period).__ _ _ (period). DATE OF ACCESS: (day month (abbreviated-period.) year) _ _ (period). (period). ** Example: ** Hudson, Jennifer. “And I Am Telling You I’m Not Going.” 2006. Digital file. 4 Aug. 2009 .
 * Example: ** Star, Blair. “Back To School Outfit, Hair, and Drugstore Makeup Tutorial!” //YouTube//. 20 Aug. 2009. <span style="-moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous; -moz-background-origin: padding; background: yellow;">Web . 21 Aug. 2009 <http://www.youtube.com>.

<span style="display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 8pt; line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">

(needs to be updated to MLA 7, I will post the updated version as soon as I have it ~ dmj) (needs to be updated to MLA 7, I will post the updated version as soon as I have it ~ dmj)

Translate to MLA 7: PLEASE PUT MLA 7 stuff in <span style="background-color: #000000; color: #ffffff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 150%;">BLACK!! Green = MLA 6

** BOOK BY ONE AUTHOR ** <span style="height: 47px; margin-left: 467px; margin-top: 10px; position: absolute; width: 185px; z-index: 4;"> <span style="height: 55px; margin-left: 430px; margin-top: 3px; position: absolute; width: 32px; z-index: 3;"> MacCaulay, David. __ The Way Things Work __. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1999.

__ MacCaulay, David. //The Way Things Work//. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1999. Print. __

Thomas, Frank, and Tom Johnston. __ Disney Animation: The Illusion of Life __**//.//** <span style="height: 94px; margin-left: 466px; margin-top: 9px; position: absolute; width: 188px; z-index: 5;"> New York: Abbeville Press, 2002. 108-110.
 * || Double-space within and between entries ||
 * BOOK BY MORE THAN ONE AUTHOR WITH PAGE NUMBERS **

__ Thomas, Frank, and Tom Johnston. // Disney Animation: The Illusion of Life **.**// <span style="height: 94px; margin-left: 466px; margin-top: 9px; position: absolute; width: 188px; z-index: 5;"> New York: Abbeville Press, 2002. 108-110. Print. __


 * ** 2 Authors ** : Child, Julia, and Martha Stewart.
 * 3 Authors ** : Child, Julia, Martha Stewart and Jacques Pepin.
 * 4 Authors: ** Child, Julia, et al. ||

__ A Guide to Our Federal Lands __. Washington: National Geographic Soc., 2004.
 * BOOK WITH NO AUTHOR NAMED **

//A Guide to Our Federal Lands//. Washington: National Geographic Soc., 2004. Print.

Wolfe, Thomas. __The Thomas Wolfe Reader__. Ed. Hugh Holman. New York: Scribners, 1962.
 * BOOK WITH AN EDITOR **

__ Wolfe, Thomas. //The Thomas Wolfe Reader//. Ed. Hugh Holman. New York: Scribners, 1962. Print. __

Roleff, Tamara L., ed. __Guns and Crime__. San Diego: Greenhaven Press, 2000.
 * ** 2 Editors ** : Slim, Marie, and Caroline Garcia, eds.
 * 2 Editors ** : Slim, Marie, Caroline Garcia, and Ed Sullivan, eds.
 * 2 Editors ** : Slim, Marie, et al., eds. ||
 * BOOK WITH AN EDITOR BUT NO AUTHOR **

Roleff, Tamara L., Ed. //Guns and Crime//. San Diego: Greenhaven Press, 2000. Print. Is this right? I think the Ed. may need to be after the title. I can't find it in the book.

** BOOK IN A SERIES ** Wright, Louis B. __The Cultural Life of the American Colonies__. The New American Nation Ser. 5. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1957.

__ Wright, Louis B. //The Cultural Life of the American Colonies//. The New American Nation Ser. 5. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1957. Print. __


 * A corporation or group can also be listed as an author.

The Troy High School Science Department, Greenpeace and the Center for Disease Control can all author a work. || ** WORK WITHIN AN ANTHOLOGY ** Dimock, George E., Jr. "The Name of Odysseus." __Essays on the Odyssey__. Ed. Charles Taylor. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1963. 54-72.

Dimock, George E., Jr. "The Name of Odysseus." //Essays on the Odyssey//. Ed. Charles Taylor. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1963. 54-72. Print.
 * < Editor ||< Ed. ||
 * < Translator ||< Trans. ||
 * < Compiler ||< Comp. ||

** REFERENCE WORK WITH ARTICLE TITLE AND VOLUME NUMBER USED ** Kim, Tom. “The Tide.” __American Literature__. Vol. 2. Detroit: Gale, 2008.

Kim, Tom. “The Tide.” //American Literature//. Vol. 2. Detroit: Gale, 2008. Print.

(The author's name, if given, should be either at the beginning or the end of the __article)__ Drake, Frank D. "Black Hole." __World Book Encyclopedia__. 1999 ed.__
 * ENCYCLOPEDIA ARTICLE WITH AN AUTHOR GIVEN **

"Magnetism." __Encyclopedia Americana__. 1979 ed.
 * ENCYCLOPEDIA ARTICLE WITH NO AUTHOR GIVEN ** __

Small, Chris. Don’t Help Me Carry My Keys! Topeka: Rand, 1993. - - - . __Don’t Measure a Chemist by Her Size__. New York: Feminist, 1993. ||
 * || ** Two or more books by the same author in the same Works Cited: **

= SPECIALIZED ENCYCLOPEDIA = Cavendish, Richard. “Druids.” __Man, Myth & Magic: the Illustrated Encyclopedia of Mythology, Religion and the Unknown__. New York: Marshall Cavendish, 1995.

Diamond, Jared. "The Worst Mistake in Human History." __Discover__ Feb. 1987: 64-67. <span style="height: 87px; margin-left: 437px; margin-top: 8px; position: absolute; width: 147px; z-index: 2;"> MacManus, Yvonne. "Interstellar Clouds." __Science News__ 5 June 1980: 5-10.
 * MAGAZINE MONTHLY **
 * MAGAZINE WEEKLY/BIWEEKLY **

"Campus Control of Crystal Growth in Space." __Science News__ 16 Mar. 1996: 165. Greeley, Andrew. "Today's Morality Play: The Sitcom." __Los Angeles Times__ 17 May 2006, Orange Co. ed.: Dl 2-13+. Frankin, Ann. Personal interview. 3 Sept. 1983. __OR__: Reyes, Octavio. Telephone interview. 23 Feb. 2007. = ADVERTISEMENT = Toyota. Advertisement. __Time__ 28 Feb. 2000: 49. __ It's a Wonderful Life __. Dir. Frank Capra. Perf. James Stewart, Donna Reed, Lionel Barrymore, and Thomas Mitchell. RKO, 1946. “The Trouble with Taxes.” __20/20__. ABC. 26 Nov. 2007. <span style="height: 38px; margin-left: 477px; margin-top: 6px; position: absolute; width: 188px; z-index: 13;"> ** CD ROM ** "John Steinbeck." __DISCovering Authors__. CD-ROM. Detroit: Gale Research, 2000. //Begin with a description of the photo. Do not use underlining or quotation marks. Indicate who took the photo and the date it was taken.// Grandpa Al at Home. Personal photograph by Susan Student. 28 May 2003.
 * || May, June and July can be spelled out – the rest of the months are abbreviated. ||
 * MAGAZINE NO AUTHOR GIVEN **
 * NEWSPAPER ARTICLE ** (follows same basic format as a magazine)
 * INTERVIEW **
 * FILM or VIDEOTAPE **
 * TELEVISION PROGRAM **
 * PERSONAL PHOTOGRAPH **
 * ONLINE SUBSCRIPTION DATABASES **

Gale Opposing Viewpoints Resource Center
Benjamin, Medea. "Minimum Factory Standards Will Not Prevent Human Rights Abuses." __Opposing Viewpoints: Human Rights__. 1998. __Opposing Viewpoints Resource Center__. Thomson Gale. Troy High School Library, Fullerton, CA. 10 Sept. 2007 <http://find.galenet.com/ovrc/infomark.doc>. Buckley, William F., Jr. “Colin Powell Says It Almost Right.” __National Review__ 28 Aug. 2000: 59. __Proquest Database__. Proquest. Troy High School Library, Fullerton, CA. 13 Sept. 2007 <http://www.proquest.com>.
 * PROQUEST Magazine, Newspaper and Periodical Database **

Newsbank (from Orange County Public Library)
Peres, Judy. “Steady Maternal Death Rate Troubles CDC.” __Los Angeles Times__. 4 Sept. 1998, Home ed.:A-18. __Los Angeles Times Newsbank__. Orange County Public Library. 13 Sept. 2000 <http://infoweb.newsbank.com>.

Gale Discovering Collection
Buchanan, Janet A. "Genetic Testing." __Gale Encyclopedia of Science__. 2004. __Discovering Collection__. Thomson Gale. Troy High School Library, Fullerton, CA. 10 Sept. 2007 <http://find.galenet.com/srcx/infomark.doc>. Reimer, Michael J. "Egypt." __World Book Online Reference Center__. 2007. Troy High School Library, Fullerton, CA. 10 Sept. 2007 <http://www.worldbookonline.com/wb/Article?id=ar175040>.
 * World Book Online**
 * INTERNET WEBSITES **

Dawe, James. “Family Life.” __Jane Austen Page__. 15 Sept. 2004 <http://www.nyquist.ee.ualberta.ca/~dawe/austen.html>. “Sylvester Stallone.” __Biography.com__. 21 Mar. 2005 <http://www.biography.com>. __ Watergate __. 5 Oct. 2004 <http://www.cnn.com>.
 * // AUTHOR (if available – last name, first name). ARTICLE TITLE (if available) in quotation marks. TITLE of web site underlined. Date of //**
 * // publication or update. Date of access URL (<Web site address in angle brackets>.) Click on “Backspace” or “Delete” once to remove any //**
 * // hyperlinks immediately after they appear. //**
 * Internet Website Examples: **

ARTICLE IN AN ONLINE MAGAZINE (not accessed through an online database)
Smith, Jane. “Who Really Invented the Internet?” __Web Weekly__ 26 Feb. 2001. 4 May 2001 <http://webweekly.com/smithwho/>. <span style="height: 158px; left: 0px; margin-left: 612px; margin-top: 2px; position: absolute; width: 85px; z-index: 9;"> <span style="height: 59px; left: 0px; margin-left: 576px; margin-top: 1px; position: absolute; width: 32px; z-index: 8;"> ** ARTICLE IN AN ONLINE ENCYCLOPEDIA ** Simon, Raul. “Athena.” __Microsoft Encarta Online Encyclopedia__. 22 Mar. 2006. 22 Feb. 2007 <http://encarta.msn.com/ encyclopedia_761567349/Athena.html>.
 * || URLs that won't fit on one line of your Works Cited list should be broken at slashes, when possible. ||

EMAIL
Meredith, Paige. “Re: Museums in Paris.” 5 May 2005. E-mail to Daniel J. Cahill. 21 June 2005.

Cite as you would any other Web page, but make sure you're crediting the original creator of the image/sound/video clip. (In the example from Webshots.com, an online photo-sharing site, "brandychloe" is a username) brandychloe. “Great Horned Owl Family.” Online image. 22 May 2006 <http://image46.webshots.com/147/7/17/41/347171741bgVWdN_fs.jpg>. “This Week’s Saturday Radio Address.” 22 Oct. 2004. Online sound. __Whitehouse Briefing Room__. 7 May 2005 <http://www.whitehouse.gov/WH/html/briefroom.html>. Byers, Paula K, ed. “Richard Attenborough.” __Encyclopedia of World Biography__. Detroit: Gale, 1999. __Gale Virtual Reference Library__. Thomson Gale. Troy High School Library, Fullerton, CA. 22 Feb. 2007 <http://find.galegroup.com/gvrl/>. Williams, Jim. “Computer to T.V. Screen.” 5 July 2005. Online posting. Global Technology Discussion Group. 22 Jan. 2007 <http://www.gtdg.org>. Johnson, Kaya. “Online discussion of future fuels.” 24 Oct. 2003. EnvironMOO. 16 Sept. 2005 <telnet://IRC@environsite.edu>. Ratliff, Clancy. __CultureCat: Rhetoric and Feminism__. 7 May 2006. 11 May 2006. <http://culturecat.net>.
 * ONLINE IMAGE / SOUND / VIDEO CLIP **
 * EBOOK**
 * LISTSERV**
 * ONLINE CHAT or SYNCHRONOUS COMMUNICATION**
 * BLOG ENTRY** – Just like a website (You can put the publication date __and__ date of access)